4) ... is criticized for its ... interpretations and for being ... and ... .
5) ... tend to focus on clients’ current ... feelings and on their taking responsibility for their own ... .
6) Many ... techniques can also be applied in group ... .
7) the ... therapies include psychosurgery, ... therapy, and drug therapies.
8) It is not just the individual who needs ..., but also ... in which the individual acts.
9) ... therapists ... the family system out of which they believe problems ... arise.
10) Psychological disorders could be prevented by changing ..., ... environment into more ... environments.
Clinicians, the basic history, cognitive, costly, the genetic code, persuasive, psychoanalysis, cures, psychotherapies, after-the-effect, diseases, psychoanalytic, time-consuming, humanistic therapists, growth, the social context, conscious, biomedical, treatment, nurturing, therapeutic, electroconvulsive, oppressive, therapy, family, treat, behaviors, esteem-destroying.
7.Complete the following sentences according to the text. Add as much information as possible.
1) We have attempted to alleviate psychological disorders ...
2) A catalogue of all the therapies can be organized ...
3) The goal of psychoanalysis is ...
4) Analysts draw on techniques such as ...
5) Behavior therapists may ...
6) Although controversial, a growing body of evidence indicates that elecroconvulsive therapy ...
7) Drug therapies include ...
8) Another way to view many psychological disorders is ...
9) Better to prevent the problem ...
10) Psychologists concerned with preventive mental health argue that ...
8.Put your own questions to the text and ask your group-mates to answer them.
9.Look through the text and write out all the words and expressions concerning psychology.
10.Give a written translation of the following extract :
« The major psychotherapies are derived ... » up to « Unlike psychoanalysts, humanistic therapists... »
11.Render the following extract in English
В США был введён запрет на проведение лоботамии, хирургического вмешательства в мозг. Необходимость данного постановления была вызвана тем, что операция, которая заключается в надрезании долей мозга в целях лечения серьёзных психических болезней, приводит к полному изменению личности. Последствия лоботамии широко обсуждались в средствах массовой информации, романах и художественных фильмах. Параллельно во многих странах обсуждалась необходимость запретить электрошок. Электрошок, как и эпилептические припадки, может легко повредить позвоночник. Кроме этого, существует опасность обострения некоторых патологических явлений, таких как депрессия, которая может привести к попытке самоубийства.
Перед проведением сеанса электрошока пациенту вводят успокаивающее средство. Но, не смотря на действие лекарства, всё тело больного содрогается в конвульсиях. Встаёт вопрос: может ли терапия, которая вызывает такую эмоциональную реакцию, быть законной?
4. Discuss the text using the questions given below:
1) What methods to cure psychological diseases were used in medical practice?
2) How does the catalogue of all the therapies intending to cure psychological diseases look like?
3) What is the goal of psychoanalysis? What do psychoanalysts do to reach this aim? What are negative and positive features of this method?
4) In what way does humanistic therapy differ from psychoanalysis?
5) What have you learnt about cognitive therapies?
6) Speak about biomedical therapies and their difference from psychoanalysis?
7) What other methods of treatment of psychologically disturbed people do you know?
2. Look through the text and give an oral summary of a) psychological therapies; b) biomedical therapies.
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